a) Preponderance of the evidence- The standard for a conviction is based on the balance of probabilities which would make the proposition true at 51%

b) Beyond a reasonable doubt- prosecution must prove to the jury that a person who is considered “reasonable” would find the defendant guilty.

c) Probable cause-Low standard of evidence used to either search or arrest. In US V Sokolow, probable cause is “a fair probability that contraband or evidence of a crime will be found”

In a criminal trial, the burden of proof usually stays with the prosecution. But a defense counsel who presents prima facie evidence could create evidentiary burden making it difficult for the prosecution to keep burden of proof.

But like the prosecutor said, it all depends on the facts presented at trial and up to a jury.

As a prosecutor, I’m just going to 2nd the guy who said “probable cause” for arrest. However, keep in mind that these are just labels, and it’s the facts that control the result.

Burden of Proof Needed:

a) win a civil trial–
b) win a criminal trial–
c) make an arrest–

All three have the same Burden of Proof, that is the responsibility of proving a fact at the trial.
Generally the party who makes the allegation, has the Burden of Proof to sustain that accusation

a)-51 %

b)-beyond a reasonable doubt

c)-reasonable suspicion

Preponderance of the evidence- 51%

Beyond a reasonable doubt

Probable cause